Geography.—Santa Clara township is bounded on the north by Alviso township, on the west by Fremont and Redwood townships, on the south by Redwood, Almaden, and San Jose townships, and. on the east by San Jose and Alviso townships.

Topography.—The extent of this township has been much changed since it was originally surveyed, a large portion of Alviso having been added to it. It is chiefly comprised in level valley lands, composed of fertile soil, and park-like scenery.

Soil.—Like any other portion of the Santa Clara valley, the soil in this township is composed, in portions, of gravelly, red clayey soil, with rich adobe, which ever yields a crop of marvelous profusion and excellence.

Products.—The products of Santa Clara township do not vary from those of other parts of the county. Cereals, in every variety, fruits, vegetables, and tubers, all attain the highest perfection imaginable, while there is easy means of export by the Southern Pacific and South Pacific Coast Railroads, both of which companies have depots in the town of Santa Clara.

Timber.—Save the oaks, which add a beauty to the landscape, the willow copses and the eucalyptus trees, there is no timber of any moment in the township. What there is, being enough to supply the inhabitants with firewood.

Climate.—Nothing more can be said in praise of the climate of Santa Clara township than has been remarked in the other portions of the beautiful valley. Serene skies, genial warmth, pleasant Winters, make up the sum of its year's delights.

Early Settlement.—On the forty-seventh page of this work the reader will find a description of the first settlement in this township, viz.: the founding of the mission. This event and its concomitant circumstances are so much a part of the county's annals that we have entered into it as fully as may be in our remarks on the early history and settlement; while, the warlike scenes enacted in its neighborhood during the troublous times of 1846-7 have been given to the reader in our chapter under the caption of " The Mexican War."

Up to the year 1849, the Franciscan Friar, Padre Real, in charge of the Santa Clara Mission Church, in addition to his clerical duties, claimed also to exercise control over the lands and other property adjacent to the Mission, notwithstanding the Act of Secularization which passed the Mexican Congress, in 1833, that by its terms segregated the temporalities from the spiritual affairs of the church, placing the former under the charge of a mayordomo, as agent of the government, leaving the priests to attend solely to the education and spiritual affairs of the flock, inasmuch as no grant or other title had been made by the Mexican Government to either the Church or the priest, of the lands or other property claimed.

While this question was being raised, a large number of American citizens commenced to arrive, and at once set to work to consider the situation. In public meeting assembled it was resolved by them, First, that the land belonged the United States; second, they determined to lay out a town in blocks of one hundred yards square, and that each head of a family should be entitled to a block on payment of ten dollars toward building a schoolhouse, and four dollars additional towards defraying expenses of survey. etc.

Let us, however, ask the courteous reader to travel back a space with us while we attempt to make clear the preliminaries which lead up to this state of affairs. We have already seen that the manner of colonizing California was in three distinct methods. The mission, the pueblo, and the presidio. The first was chiefly for the civilization of the Indians; the second for the settlement of the territory by the whites; and the last for the protection of both. The law of secularization now working smoothly, however, it was found necessary to change the plan heretofore inexistence, therefore in 1840, ma yordomos were appointed to the several missions, but in 1843, many of these, among them that of Santa Clara, were once more placed in charge of the priests. In 1845, the Departmental Assembly directed that some of the missions should be rented, and in April, 1846, Pio Pico had ordered that a few of them should be sold, an order which was later annulled by the assembly.

When the United States came in possession of California they found many disputes had arisen about the rights to various missions, among them that of Santa Clara. General Kearny directed that they should remain as he had found them, under the priests, who were to be responsible for their preservation and for the property while in their charge.

Father Jose Real, had received from General Jose Castro, certain documents purporting to authorize him to make sales of the Santa Clara Mission lands, dated respectively May 25, and June 16, 1846. Such authority was evidently communicated to Governor Mason, for we find him notifying Alcalde Weekes, under date November 25, 1847, in these words: "I have your letter of the 13th instant, and the one inclosed addressed to yourself  from Padre Real. I know not what are the privileges that his reverence enjoys, nor do I know to what ' competent judge' he refers, who alone can take ' judicial cognizance against him,' but it is very evident, that if his reverence depart from his calling as a Catholic priest, and enters into a bargain or contract with a citzen of the country, he places himself, and must necessarily stand upon the same footing with that citizen, and that citizen has the same recourse against the Padre for a breach of contract, as the Padre would have against him, or as one citizen has against another in similiar cases."

On the 29th December, 1847, Father Real communicated the intent of these documents to Col. R. B. Mason, the then Governor of California, who, January 3, 1848, replied: " This document could certainly give you no authority to sell any part of the Mission lands after the 7th July, 1846, the day on which the United States flag was hoisted in California, if indeed it could legally have conferred such authority before. Since that date, the Mission lands can only be disposed of by virtue of authority from the United States Government. I am therefore obliged to declare, and do hereby declare all sales of any part of the Mission lands made by your reverence, to be illegal, null and void, and that the purchasers of such lands hold no legal title to them whatever, by virtue of any sale made by your reverence." This document was at the same time directed to be made public at Santa Clara.

The story of the claims on the Mission lands, the orchard and gardens, is thus told by Frederic Hall :-
" In 1847, some of the Americans were about to squat upon the Mission premises. General Kearny hearing of it, sent a detachment of soldiers under Captain (now General) Naglee, to put out the settlers and give possession to the priests. In 1849, or first part of 1850, Antonio M. Osio, of Monterey, went into possession of the orchard, under title emanating from the authority of General Castro, in 1846. Osio rented it out to a Frenchman for three years, who remained in possession until about November, 1850. He was much annoyed by the early settlers, and finding that it would be a profitless labor to attend to it, abandoned the lease. The doors, gates, and other improvements which he had placed thereon, he removed. Osio was then in Monterey, but Father Real was acting as his agent. The latter observing the place to he in a state of waste, and hearing that some of the settlers were preparing to squat on it, called upon Mr. Charles Clayton, then Alcalde at Santa Clara, and solicited that he should place some reliable man in possession until Osio should arrive from Monterey ; observing at the same time that, whoever should thus take charge, should have a lease from Osio upon reasonable terms. With that understanding, Joel Clayton went into possession, and began to make improvements. Upon the arrival of Osio, Mr. Clayton was informed that a man in San Francisco had rented the premises, and had paid a portion of the rent in advance; that, in consequence thereof, he (Clayton) could not obtain a lease, and that he must surrender possession. This he refused to do, unless he was first reimbursed for the expenditure he had made. Osio, declining to pay the damages, Clayton remained in possession. Under a judgment which had existed against the Mission, the orchard had been sold by the Sheriff, and James F. Reed and others claimed the orchard by virtue of that sale. Joel Clayton obtained a lease under the Reed title. Osio then commenced suit for possession; but before the trial came off, Charles Clayton, John H. Watson, James M. Jones, and Joshua W. Redman purchased a title to the orchard made under a sale by Pio Pico, as Governor, in 1846, to Benito Dias, Juan Castanada, and Larias Anellnas. Charles Clayton, Redman and others, brought suit for possession against Joel Clayton. He disclaimed any right to the premises, and a writ of restitution was issued, placing plaintiffs in possession. Osio instituted suit against the plaintiffs and defendant, charging collusion. The suit was tried at San Jose, and Osio obtained judgment. James M. Jones, being at the time of the trial at the Sandwich Islands, soon thereafter returned; and, appearing in Court, moved for a new trial upon the ground of surprise, which motion was granted. Upon motion and affidavits, a change of venue was had, and the cause ordered to Santa Cruz to be tried; but Osio having abandoned the suit, it was dismissed. Redman and Clayton continued in possession, reaping the benefit of the orchard, which at that time was very great, as fruit was scarce and consequently high in price.

" After the Jesuits took the place of the order of San Franciscans, Father Nobili was stationed at Santa Clara Mission. He instituted suit against Redman and Clayton for possession of the orchard. The case was tried in Alameda county, early in 1855. After plaintiff closed his case, on motion of defendant's counsel, a nonsuit was granted. Plaintiff appealed to the Supreme Court, and there the judgment of the Court below was affirmed.

" In the meantime, Bishop Alemany had filed his petition before the Land Commissioners, praying for a confirmation of all the Mission property in the State, as the property of the Roman Catholic Church. His claim was finally confirmed, and the land embraced therein patented. Then, R. A. Redman, as administrator of his father's estate, and Charles Clayton, coin-promised with Bishop Alemany; the two former giving a quit-claim to the latter of their right to the orchard, and the latter giving Redman and Clayton a lease of the property for six years, at the rate of one thousand dollars per annum.

" Judge Felch, of the California Board of Land Commissioners, in delivering the opinion of the Board, in the case of the Bishop, states clearly the theory of the Missionary colonization, as follows: ' The Missions were intended, from the beginning, to be temporary in their character. It was
contemplated that in ten years from their first foundation they should cease. It was supposed that within that period of time the Indians would be sufficiently instructed in Christianity, and the arts of civilized life, to assume the position and character of citizens; that these Mission settlements would then become pueblos; and that the Mission churches would then become parish churches, organized like the other establishments of an  ecclesiastical character in other portions of the nation where no Missions had ever existed. The whole missionary establishment was widely different from the ordinary ecclesiastical organization of the nation. In it the superintendence and charge was committed to priests, who were devoted to the special work of Missions, and not to the ordinary clergy. The monks of the College of San Fernando and Zacatecas, in whose charge they were, were to be succeeded by the secular clergy of the national church, the missionary field was to become a diocese; the President of the Missions to give place to a bishop; the Mission churches to become curacies ; and the faithful in the vicinity of each parish to become the parish worshippers:"
We have thus far shown the theory and manner of conducting the Missions; that the great body of land used and possessed by them belonged to the nation ; and that the Missions proper, such as buildings, gardens, and orchards have been confirmed to, and are now in the possession of the Roman Catholic Church, under the charge of the Bishop.

In a conversation we had with the three oldest residents now living in Santa Clara, viz.: Joseph Lard, Dr. H. H. Warburton, and William N. Fosgate, the following information was gleaned: On their arrival the only buildings in the place were those belonging to the Mission and the smaller ones where dwelt the Indian converts. The Mission church is described as a plain adobe structure of from forty to fifty feet frontage and two hundred and fifty in depth, roofed with tiles, and surmounted with a tower seventy-five feet in height, standing to the south front and containing a chime of bells. The front was ornamented with rude paintings of biblical scenes, and somewhat dilapidated, while its interior arrangements were much the same as they now are. In the year 1864, owing to the decay of the walls, the front was incased with wood, and a new roof of shingles put on, while in 1878 the remaining walls were likewise incased. This, however, is not the originial Mission church. That edifice stood near where the railroad depots now stand, but in 1846, when Mr. Lard with his parents arrived, there was naught remaining of it but a heap of ruins. The original -cross, however, was found and removed. It now stands in front of the present building, incased with wood, and bears on its western front the words: " I. H. S. He that shall preserve to the end shall be saved. Mission founded 1777."

In November, 1846, the foreigners and nearly all the Californians lived inside the Mission, and were amenable to Spanish law. There were then
here, says Joseph Lard, the Harland family, Van Gorden, Sam. Young, Tabor, Allen, Jones, Dickenson, and Bennett, and their families, while it is supposed that the first American to locate was William Chard.

In 1848, to the south of, and next to the church there resided the priest in charge of the Mission, Father Real, indeed the walls of the building where the entrance to the college now is are the original ones erected. Further south lived James Alexander Forbes, Vice-Consul for Great Britain. These houses were on what is now known as Helvetia street. On the east side of the present Alviso street stood a row of adobe buildings; of these there are still remaining the houses then occupied by the Bojorquez and Pena families; while north of the brewery we still find the remains of the Bennett place.

In 1847 and 1848 there were permanently settled in Santa Clara, other than Californians, J. Alex. Forbes and family, Jonathan and Charles Parr, William Booth and family, Fielding Lard and family, Riley Moultrie and family, Caleb Rand and wife, George W. Bellamy and family, Dr. Warburton, — Bazard, William McCutchan, who dwelt where Goldbach's saloon new stands ; Robert Scott, who kept a store where the Cracker Factory now- is; William Haun, Washington Moody, John Whisman, William Campbell, William Chard, Thomas Hudson, James Linns and family, Anson Angel, and others whose names are not now remembered. The only other store was kept by a Frenchman on the corner of what now is Alviso and Franklin streets, while the Bellamy House was the only house of entertainment. The first frame building in the place was constructed in the year 1847 for Father Real, and stood at the e present south-west corner of Alviso and Santa Clara streets—the rxtreme angle of the Mission property of to-day. The lumber for this house was sawed with a whip-saw by Fielding Lard, and brought  from the Pulgas wood  in San Mateo county. About the same time, or immediately after, like structures were erected by Lard, Scott, and Haun; there are only remaining of these, the premises known as the Widney Block.

In the Fall of 1850, a building, which stood to the west of the Mission church, on. Liberty street, and long known as the " little brick school-house," was erected by subscription as a place of worship for the use of all denominations without distinction, but it was not until 1852-3 that the first regular church was built, and then by the Methodist Episcopal Body. In this same year the Female Seminary was constructed to the west of Main street, between Liberty and Lexington streets.

West of the church mentioned above stood the Mission corral, and inclosed a tract of land six acres in extent. Its adobe walls were from ten to twelve feet high, and four feet thick, while the space was partitioned off into divisions for horses, cattle, sheep, swine, etc. Some of the adobe bricks were afterwards .utilized in the building of the church.

Though the year 1848 had left the little town deserted, in 1849 many new faces were to be seen, and in 1850 Peleg Rush imported twenty-three houses from Boston, erected them in different parts of the village, one' being opened as a hotel, and soon found occupants for them. Naturally this move added greatly to its appearance. In this year the Union Hotel was built by Captain Auser, and first occupied by Appleton & Ainslie.

In concluding the early history of Santa Clara let us reproduce the impressions of a visitor in 1850:
In the Spring of 1850, the town site had been surveyed out into lots of one hundred yards square, and each citizen had taken a lot with the understanding that he was to improve it by building a house on it, or fencing it in; if that was not done within three months, the lot could be taken by another. Santa Clara was a quiet place, undisturbed by the excitements incident to other localities in California. The inhabitants were mostly engaged in building houses, or otherwise improving their lots, or playing billiards, or gambling, or in looking on at others in these occupations.
The Spanish language was in use about as much as English, and there were comparatively few persons who knew both languages. Now, all who were children of Spanish descent, and some of American, can speak both languages. There was another tongue, which, if it is not now, soon w ill be a dead language, as dead as that of Eliot's Bible, the guttural sound of which was often heard. The Indians were more numerous than at present. They had rancherias in what is now Mr. Trenouth's place, Martin Murphy's ranch, near Alviso, and other places. They busied themselves after the manner of the noble red man of to-day, walking about picking up all the spoiled provisions, offal or cast-off clothing they could find in the street.

The Alameda at that time was in all its glory. One would not see the stately mansions and trim cottages, the shrubbery and flowers, and green lawns of the present day, but the rows of willows and cottonwoods stretched with unbroken ranks from the Mission to the pueblo. The land was moister than now, trees seemed to grow more luxuriantly, and the road-master, if there was such an official in those days, was not possessed of a pruning devil. One could pass over the whole length of the Alameda and often not meet a single person. Traveling was mostly done on horseback; sometimes in farm wagons that had made the journey across the plains. Buggies or spring wagons were rarely seen. The stage running between San Jose and San Francisco, passed through the place each way, daily, fare sixteen dollars. I should not omit to mention a style of carriage that we saw at times on the road. This was the careta, with its solid wooden wheels, creaking loudly, drawn by a pair of oxen, with the yoke lashed to their horns with thongs of raw-hide, the driver on horseback, and an improvised top or cover beneath which might be seen the gay-colored silk dresses of the occupants, which contrasted so oddly with the rudeness of the vehicle. This was the turnout of some neighboring ranchero on a visit to the pueblo with his family. These folks 'have since sold their lands and bought carriages. One can but deplore the fate of these simple-hearted, hospitable people, forced to retire before the advance of a more enterprising race. The days before the discovery of gold must seem to them to be the golden age of California.
It will be remembered that the Summer and Autumn of 1850 were noted for the prevalence of the cholera in California. But I have heard of no deaths, from this disease, among the Americans in Santa Clara; there were a few fatal cases in the Spanish population. A service was held in the church to ward off the cholera. Life and property were considered pretty secure in the comparative absence of officers of the law. I should except, however, property in the shape of horses. These were frequently stolen; a band of horse-thieves appeared to be operating in this vicinity. The following year I happened to be in the street in San Francisco, when George Stuart was led out by the Vigilance Committee and hanged, and I thought I recognized in him a man I had seen in Santa Clara; I was not certain of it, for, as our Ex-Congressman would put it, " I had not the honor of his acquaintance."

There was no Protestant Church building, or organized church in town, but the Rev. Billy Higgins used to preach occasionally. The Catholic Priest was called Padre Real. I heard him highly spoken of as one who did for the amusement of his people. I have heard that he since went to Mexico and was killed there.

The 12th of August, being the feast-day of the Patron Saint of the Mission, it was celebrated in great style. Under the superintendence of the priest , a portion of the plaza, adjoining the church, was inclosed by a strong Luce, and seats for the ladies were put up under the projecting roof of a house that now forms part of the college buildings, and a series of bull-fights was inaugurated. One of the ladies " assisted" literally in the spectacle. She got over the fence, walked into the middle of the corral and waved a red shawl when the bull, which was walking about, apparently meditating some plan to get even with his tormentors, caught sight of the bright color, he made   a rush for her, then a man stepped in between and succeeded in diverting, his attention, and the lady withdrew amid great applause. In the evening there were balls at several houses. These festivities were kept up for two or three days. Nowadays, I am told, Santa Clara's day is allowed to pass by without any notice being taken of it.

In September the election took place, and, previously, the several candidates visited Santa Clara and made speeches, soliciting the votes of its citizens. The Democrats held a convention in San Jose, and nominated a ticket. The opposing ticket was composed. of gentlemen who nominated themselves. The latter was successful. George B. Tingley, Thomas Bodley, and A. C. Campbell were elected to the Legislature. Those three gentlemen, then in manhood's early prime, are now all dead. Of the foreigners residing in Santa Clara in 1850, and now living, I remember Mr. Forbes, the historian of California, Dr. Warburton and Charley Parr, Charles Clayton, who kept the principal store at the place where Habich & Company keep now, A. Madan, Wm. Fosgate, Moses Davis, and 0. G. McLeran, who were working at the carpenter's trade, Miss Otterson, Hiram Shartzer and G. W. Moody. Martin Murphy, James Enright and Judge Senter were living in the vicinity on the farms they now occupy. Captain Ham was running a boat on the bay between San Francisco and Alviso. These are the names of all I recall just  now. When I reflect on the number who have " joined the innumerable caravan," then it is brought home to my mind, more than any other time, that 1850 was not a few years ago.


Santa Clara College.—Santa Clara College is situated in the town of Santa Clara, which is justly celebrated for the beauty of its surrounding scenery, and the mildness and salubrity of its climate. The Southern Pacific and the South Pacific Coast railroads pass through the town.
The old Mission church stands near the entrance of the college. It is one hundred and ninety-eight feet long and forty-four feet wide, and is used as the parish church. Its front is of modern architecture, but the interior has been preserved very nearly in its primitive state, with "Indian frescoes," and old Mexican wooden carvings. On the square in front of the church rises the original wooden cross, thirty-two feet high, which was erected by the Indians at the first settlement of the Mission.

The entrance to the college is through a three-story building of one hundred and ninety-eight by forty feet, which has a central fourth story, and contains a suite of seven parlors, the residence of the Faculty, the branch library of the Professors, the Training and Normal School of the society, and the pastor's office. The entrance hall opens on an interior garden of two hundred by one hundred and thirty-five feet, surrounded by long verandas and crossed by arbors of grape-vines, among which grow exotic plants and flowers, fig, lemon, and orange trees, and very large palm trees. A fish-pond and jet-d'eau ornament the center. In the adjoining vineyard are seen olive trees planted in the year 1805, and a rotunda containing a life-sized statue of St. Joseph.

The college is conducted by the Fathers of the Society of Jesus. They are the successors of the Franciscan Fathers, the pioneers of civilization on this coast, who, as early as 1777, founded the Mission of Santa Clara, and labored zealously to elevate the moral character, and develop the material prosperity of the inhabitants. On the 19th of March, 1851, Santa Clara College was established in the old Mission buildings for the purpose of affording to all who might desire it, the means of obtaining a liberal and Christian education. On the 28th of April, 1855, it  was chartered with all the rights and privileges of a university. Since that period the career of Santa Clara College has been one of success. Her sons are to-day of honor and use to their State, in law, in medicine, in music, and in business. Several of her graduates have held seats in the Houses of the Legislature. Her position to day is that of the first educational establishment on the Pacific coast. Her staff of professors and tutors numbers twenty-six. She has two professors of chemistry, who daily use a completely furnished laboratory; a professor of physics, who has at his command the largest cabinet of apparatus possessed by any college in the United States; telegraphy is taught with the aid of four instruments at different stations in the different houses, which stand upon ten acres of ground. Photography is taught in a building erected exclusively for the purpose, and fully supplied with apparatus. Five professors of music give opportunity of making acquaintance with every musical instrument of the day. Mathematics are taught from arithmetic to calculus. A professor of English literature lectures five times a week. Greek and Latin classics employ five teachers; and the modern languages are taught each by a native of the tongue in which he instructs. The religious ceremonies are the Catholic, but students of any denomination are received, and trouble has never been experienced from the usage. Students are not allowed to board without the college precincts. An excellent table is set at refectory commons, and there are two common dormitories besides the chambers for the seniors. Thus with most complete and appropriate accommodation in every department, and a full staff of professors, this institution presents uncommon advantages for the moral, mental and physical training of young men and boys.

The scholastic year consists of but one session. It commences at the beginning of August and ends at the beginning of June, with a public exhibition—either literary or scientific—followed by the conferring of Degrees and the distribution of premiums.

A. B. The degree of Bachelor of Arts is conferred upon those only, who on completing the studies of Logic and Metaphysics, Solid Geometry, Trigonometry, Conic Sections and Surveying, Elementary Chemistry, and the treatises of the first year of Natural Philosophy, are found, after due examination, sufficiently qualified. To become a candidate for the degree of A. B., a satisfactory examination is previously required in English Rhetoric and the Latin and Greek Classics.

A. M. The degree of Master of Arts is conferred on those who, having received the degree of A. B., shall have passed a satisfactory examination in Moral Philosophy, Analytical Geometry and Calculus, Organic and Analytical Chemistry, and the treatises of the second year of Natural Philosophy.

S. B. and S. M. The conditions for obtaining the degrees of Bachelor, and Master of Science are the same as for the degrees of A. B. and A. M., respectively, with the exception of Latin and Greek.

A certificate is given to those students who, after having completed the studies of Grammar, Arithmetic, Orthography, Elementary Sciences, Penmanship, theoretical and practical Book-keeping, shall have passed a satisfactory examination.

Faculty and Officers—Rev. A. Brunengo, S. J., President and Prefect of Studies; Rev. Jos. Caredda, S. J., Vice-President and Prefect of Classes; Rev. E. M. Nattini, S. J., Secretary, Professor of English, Orthography, Telegraphy and Shorthand; Rev. G. Mengarini, S. J., Treasurer; Rev. V. Testa, S. J., Assistant Treasurer and Professor of French; Rev. Leggio, S. J., Chaplain; Rev. A. Tardella, S. J., Professor of Mental and Moral Philosophy, Latin and Greek; Rev. A. Cichi, S. J., Professor of Natural Philosophy, Chemistry, Mineralogy, etc; Rev. E. J. Young, S. J., Professor of Rhetoric, English Literature and Arithmetic; Rev. P. Mans, S. J., Professor of Poetry, Mathematics, German and Book-keeping; Rev. A. Goetz, S. J., Professor of Spanish; Mr. J. Egloffstein, S. J., Professor of Mathematics, German, Latin and Greek; Mr. J. Ricard, S. J., Professor of Mathematics and French; Mr. J. F. Collins, S. J., Professor of English Grammar, Arithmetic, Orthography and Book-keeping; Mr. V. Kiappa, S. J., Professor of Latin, Greek and Italian; Mr. A. Coltelli, S. J., Professor of Latin and Greek; Mr. E. Allen, S. J., Professor of English Grammar, Arithmetic and Orthography; Mr. A. Sauffrignon, S. M., Professor of Elementary Sciences, Arithmetic and Book-keeping, Director of the Practical Commercial Department; Mr. J. A, Waddell, Professor in the Preparatory Department; Mr. B. Tortore, S. J., Professor of Drawing; Mr. J. R. Lawrie, Professor of Piano; Mr. J. Manning, Professor of Violin; Mr. M. S. Ylisaliturri, Professor of Brass Instruments;- Mr. L. Fernandez, Professor of Penmanship; Dr. H. H. Warburton, Attending Physician ; Mr. J. Boggio, S. J., Infirmarian.

Graduates of Santa Clara College, from 1857 to 1880:-
A, B. 1857, Thos. Bergin; 1858, J. M. Burnett ; 1859, A. Splivalo ; 1860, G. Keane; 1861, R. Prevost ; 1862, M. Delmas; 1864, W. C. Kennedy, S. Inge; 1866, S. Ayon ; 1869, W. B. Murphy; 1870, C. Wilcox; 1871, Jas, Campbell, J. T. Malone; 1872, M. J. Walsh; 1874, W. P. Veuve ; 1875, W T. Gray, T. F. Morrison; 1876, R. Soto, Jas. T. Walsh; 1878, Jas. F. Smith, E. W. McNally, Chas. W. Quilty ; 1879, R. B. Brenham.

A. M. 1859, J. M. Burnett ; 1860, A. Splivalo; 1863, M. Delmas; 1865, Thos. Bergin; 1867, S. Ayon ; 1871, Chas. Wilcox; 1872, Jas. Campbell, J. T. Malone; 1873, M. J. Walsh ; 1878, E. W. McNally, Jas. F. Smith.

S. B. 1859, A. Burnett ; 1862, B. D. Murphy, R. Keating, Jas. Breen; 1864, D. Nealon ; 1865, F. C. Aguilar ; 1867, L. Sage, Jos. Wiley ; 1868, G. 0. Sedgley, W. B. Murphy, A. Schweib ; 1870, Palmer Seamans; 1871, Jas. Campbell, S. M. White ; 1872, J. M. Chretien, A. F. Sauffrignon; J. C. Johnson, D. G. Sullivan, M. J. Wash, M. Wilson, Jos. McQuade ; 1873, A. 0. Arguello, J. L. Carrigan, F. McCusker, R. Del Valle ; 1874, A. L. Veuve, H. B. Peyton, W. S. Hereford, J. Burling, L. M. Pinard ; 1875, N. F. Brisac, Chas. Ebner ; 1876, J. Hudner, B. Brisac, Jas. Hermann, Jos. A. Machado ; 1877, Robt. Brenham, W. S. Davis, J. S. Franklin, L. J. Harrison, V. S. McClatchy, Ed. W. McNally, Orestes J. Orena, L. T. J. Palmer, Jno. W. Ryland, Jas. F. Smith, Geo. A. Young ; 1878, Homer Spencer, F. A. Harrison, Jos. Cavagnaro, Dan. Thornton, Wm. Killip, Jno. L. Foster ; 1879, Chas. R. Barry, F. H. McNally, D. J. Mahoney, Geo W. Seifert, John E. Auzerais. S. M. 1879, A. F. Sauffrignon, Jas. E. Enright, J. F. Cavagnaro.

Nobili Medal —1876, Jas. Franklin ; 1877, Jas. W. Enright ; 1878, Jos. Cavagnaro ; 1879, Anselmo Volio.

Commercial Certificate —1878, Frank Galindo, Chas. Hagan, Jno. E. Auzerais, Didier Gagnon ; 1879, Jas. I. Santon, Jas. W. Enright, Martin F. Hauck, Frank Drum, Henry Farmer.

Santa Clara Feed Mill.—Where this establishment stands their originally was a grist mill, the property of Ernest Kramer, which was burned about three years ago (1878). Near its site was constructed the present mill. It is of brick, covers an area of sixty by forty-nine feet and is owned by August Habich, but rented to F. E. Farmer. It was built in 1879, and has a daily capacity of ten tons.

Pacific Manufacturing Company.—Situated at the corner of Bellamy and Union avenues, in the town of Santa Clara. It was originally known as the Enterprise Mill and Lumber Company, but was re-organized September 1, 1880, as above. It is a joint-stock concern, James P. Pierce being the President; T. J. Shannon, Superintendent; and Directors, J. P. Pierce, J. Shannon, M. Nelson, John Finley, Jesse Nelson, Wm. H. Brown. The busnisess ¬ carried on is chiefly the manufacture of coffins and lumber of e; ery description, to the value of about seventy-five thousand dollars per annum. The premises consist of a building three hundred feet long by sixty wide, two stories high; two hundred feet of this is of brick, and the balance frame The establishment is supplied with all the requisite machinery driven by a fifty horse-power engine. As a coffin emporium this is one of the most compllete in the United States. The officers for the year are the same as above.

Santa Clara Tannery.—This enterprise was originally started in 1849, where the present establishment stands by L. Wampach, and was, with the single exception of one started by G. W. Bellamy, originally constructed in a very primitive fashion, among the first in the State. He conducted it until 1854, when it was bought by Messing & Dixon. F. C. Frank was then admitted a partner; shortly after Dixon sold out to Mr. Glein, when it was conducted by Messing, Glein & Frank, and ultimately passed into the hands of Glein alone. In 1860 the firm became Glein & Albert who were the proprietors until 1864, when it reverted to Glein until 1866, and then was purchased by its present owner, Jacob Eberhard. The capacity has been increased ten-fold in his occupancy; when he took charge there were not half a dozen men at work; to-day there are upwards of sixty. The premises are built on a block and a half of land and consist of beam .house, curing room, etc., with one hundred and twenty vats. A sale is found for the very superior leather here manufactured all over the United States, Mexico, Sandwich Islands, China and Japan. The tannery is fitted with new machinery and driven by a fifty horse-power engine. The business done aggregates about twenty-five thousand dollars per month.

Santa Clara City Flouring Mills.—Were first started as a joint-stock company under the name of the Santa Clara Flouring Mills in the Fall of 1852, under the management of Charles Clayton, he being also Treasurer, and Samuel J. Johnson, Secretary. It was thus continued for about twelve months when it was sold to a new company, which was organized out of the former one. Afterwards the mills got into the hands of Charles Clayton alone; and was finally sold to French & Baker in 1879. Subsequently it was acquired by Madan & Pitkins, who, in 1880, disposed of it to the company that are its present owners. The President is C. A. Pitkins;    Baker, Superintendent. The corporation has a capital stock of twenty-five thousand dollars.

Santa Clara Brewery.—Is situated at the corner of Benton and Alviso streets in the town of Santa Clara, and was built in 1863 by Herman Leibe. He conducted it until his death when it passed into the hands of his widow, and in 1878, it was purchased by Charles Lauck, who has conducted it ever since. It occupies about a block of land, while the premises consist of a brewery, malt room, etc. The average out-turn is in the vicinity of two thousand barrels a year.

The Davies Machine Shop.—Proprietor, E. H. Davies. This business was established in 1855 on Main street, near Benton, where it remained fourteen years. In the Fall of 1867, the present premises were erected at the corner of Jackson and Liberty streets. The building is three stories in height and forty by sixty-six feet in dimensions. Here is carried on a considerable repairing and manufacturing business, principally agricultural machinery. Mr. Davies is j ust starting the manufacturing of lumber from ornamental trees, such as the locust, eucalyptus, etc.

The Bank of Santa Clara County.—Is situated on Franklin street, near Washington, and was incorporated May 30, 1875, with an authorized capital of three hundred thousand dollars. The present officers are: J. P. Pierce, President; H. M. Leonard, Vice-President and Manager; C. C. Hayward, Cashier and Secretary.

Santa Clara Verein.—W as established in April, 1868, with the following Charter Members: C. W. Werner, F. C. Franck, Jacob Eberhard, C. Leihe, John Hetty, August Habich, Leopold Hart, William Gabriel, August Gabriel, Henry Albert, Henry Uhrbroock. The first officers were: Jacob Eberhard, President; C. Leibe, Vice-President; A. Habich, Secretary; C. W. Werner, Treasurer. The membership at present is forty-five. Their hall, a neat structure, is frescoed and tastefully ornamented, and is sixty by thirty-four feet, with a commodious stage at one end. The present officers are: August Habich, President ; H. Metzler, Vice-President; C. W. Werner, Secretary; Julius Brieth, Treasurer ; Librarian, W. Klein ; Steward, Franz Emig: ; Trustees, Jacob Eberhard, John Hetty, Charles Welti. The Club is divided into a Turn-Verein for gymnastic exercises, as well as for dramatic and musical affairs. The building was entirely built by private subscription of its members.

"Meridian."—This neat little wayside resort was first established in the year 1872, by a man named Shirley, who was succeeded by another named Sullivan. In 1879, he sold it to B. C. Shartzer, who at present conducts it. The wayfarer will find this neat place replete with every convenience for the accommodation of man and horse, while the pedestrian can take it in his daily walk, it being but two miles and a half from the town of Santa Clara.


   pages 539- 552 History of Santa Clara County, California : San Francisco: Alley, Bowen & Co., 1881,
 SANTA CLARA COUNTY BIOGRAPHY PROJECT

SANTA CLARA COUNTY The Valley of Heart's Delight